Sabino
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Sabino is an often used umbrella descriptive term encompassing the white patterns White Spotting, Dominant White (W), and Sabino1 (SB1). The name of this white pattern group is in dispute. Sabino is generally characterized by high white, belly spots, all white, wide blazes, "chrome", lacy white spots, body spotting that is not one of the other pinto patterns, and etc. There is a lot of ongoing research and discoveries currently going on in sabino patterns and knowledge is changing rapidly.
Sabino, White Spotting, W, or Dominant White is a dominant pattern of which many have been found and there are likely many more. Expression of the W group ranges from a solid white coat, a near white coat, roan appearing sabino, the traditional description of a sabino, and minimally marked. Interactions between multiple sabino patterns can have varied outcomes. White spotting generally has dark eyes, but blue or partially blue eyes are not uncommon. Some of the mutations are homozygous lethals, but many others are not. W20 has been found in Chincoteagues via test. W20 causes minimal or no white markings. It's a "booster" or increases the amount of white if another pinto pattern is present.
Tests for a number of the types of W are available. There are likely many more types of white spotting, so many they will likely never all be found. The sabino group patterns is usually found on the KIT gene. KIT is well known to mutate frequently which results in new white patterns. The current known W group patterns with the founding breed:
Sabino 1 (SB1) is an incomplete dominant that is not found in Chincoteague Ponies. There are also white patterns in multiple breeds that fit the umbrella description of sabino that have not been found on the KIT gene, on which both White Spotting and Sabino1 are both found. It is not known when sabino was introduced into Chincoteagues. The early ponies had minimal markings so it was either introduced through outcrossing or appeared through a new W mutation. If it was introduced it was likely through the outcrossing that also brought in tobiano and splash. It is possible a new mutation could occcur in Chincoteagues. The ponies below have not been tested for any type of W, and some of their markings may be actually as a result of splashed white. However, their white markings fit some of the common descriptions of sabino.
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